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- NOTE: Where it is feasible, a syllabus (headnote) will be released, as is
- being done in connection with this case, at the time the opinion is issued.
- The syllabus constitutes no part of the opinion of the Court but has been
- prepared by the Reporter of Decisions for the convenience of the reader.
- See United States v. Detroit Lumber Co., 200 U. S. 321, 337.
-
- SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES
-
- Syllabus
-
- MUSICK, PEELER & GARRETT et al. v.
- EMPLOYERS INSURANCE OF WAUSAU et al.
- certiorari to the united states court of appeals for
- the ninth circuit
- No. 92-34. Argued March 1, 1993-Decided June 1, 1993
-
- Respondents insured most of the named defendants in a suit that, inter
- alia, was based on an implied private right of action under 10(b) of
- the Securities Act of 1934 and Rule 10b-5 of the Securities and
- Exchange Commission (a 10b-5 action), and that eventually was
- settled by the parties. After funding $13 million of the settlement,
- respondents brought this lawsuit seeking contribution from
- petitioners, who were the attorneys and accountants involved in the
- stock offering that prompted the 10b-5 action. Both the District
- Court and the Court of Appeals, consistent with binding Circuit
- precedent, recognized that respondents had a right to seek
- contribution for the 10b-5 liability. Shortly after the latter court
- ruled in respondents' favor, however, the Court of Appeals for the
- Eighth Circuit held that there can be no implied cause of action for
- contribution in a 10b-5 action.
- Held: Defendants in a 10b-5 action have a right to seek contribution as
- a matter of federal law. Pp. 3-11.
- (a) Federal courts have authority to imply a right to contribution
- in a 10b-5 action. Northwest Airlines, Inc. v. Transport Workers, 451
- U. S. 77, Texas Industries, Inc. v. Radcliff Materials, Inc., 451 U. S.
- 630, and the precedents on which they are based, distinguished. The
- 10b-5 action was not created by Congress, but was implied by the
- judiciary. The courts having implied the underlying liability in the
- first place, it would be most unfair to those against whom damages
- have been assessed for the courts to now disavow authority to
- allocate that liability on the theory that Congress has not addressed
- the issue directly. Congress has recognized a judicial authority to
- shape, within limits, the 10b-5 cause of action when, in enacting the
- Insider Trading and Securities Fraud Enforcement Act of 1988 and a
- statute respecting 10b-5 limitations periods, it included provisions
- acknowledging the 10b-5 action without expressing any intent to
- define it. Congress has left that task to the courts. Pp. 3-7.
- (b) A right to contribution is within the contours of the 10b-5
- action. In order to ensure that the rules established to govern such
- actions are symmetrical and consistent with the 1934 Act's overall
- structure and objectives, the Court must attempt to infer how the
- 1934 Congress would have addressed the issue of contribution had it
- included the 10b-5 private right of action as an express provision in
- the Act. See, e.g., Lampf, Pleva, Lipkind, Prupis & Petigrow v.
- Gilbertson, 501 U. S. ___, ___. Two sections of the 1934 Act contain-
- ing express private rights of action, 9 and 18, are close in structure,
- purpose, and intent to the 10b-5 action, and each explicitly provides
- for a right of contribution. See 15 U. S. C. 78i(e) and 78r(b).
- Consistency and coherence therefore require that a like contribution
- rule be adopted for 10b-5 actions. Moreover, there is no evidence this
- rule will impede the purposes of the 10b-5 action; in the more than
- 20 years since the federal courts first recognized a right to
- contribution for 10b-5 defendants, there has been no showing that
- the right detracts from the effectiveness of the 10b-5 implied action
- or interferes with the effective operation of the securities laws.
- Pp. 7-11.
- 954 F. 2d 575, affirmed.
- Kennedy, J., delivered the opinion of the Court, in which Rehnquist,
- C. J., and White, Stevens, Scalia, and Souter, JJ., joined. Thomas,
- J., filed a dissenting opinion, in which Blackmun and O'Connor, JJ.,
- joined.
-